Viral Meningitis: Care Instructions

Overview

Viral meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation in the tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is not the same as bacterial meningitis. The viral infection is often milder and is more common than bacterial meningitis. Bacterial meningitis can be very serious.

Symptoms usually develop all of a sudden. The most common symptoms include fever, headache, stiff neck, confusion, and no energy. The infection may involve many different parts of the body.

A lumbar puncture test (spinal tap) is usually done to find the cause of your symptoms.

Most people get better in a few weeks. But some people may feel weak and tired for months after the infection.

Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and contact your doctor if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• Get plenty of rest.
• Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.
  • If the doctor gave you a prescription medicine for pain, take it as prescribed.
  • If you are not taking a prescription pain medicine, ask your doctor if you can take an over-the-counter medicine.
  • Store your prescription pain medicines where no one else can get to them. When you are done using them, dispose of them quickly and safely. Your local pharmacy or hospital may have a drop-off site.
• To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of fluids. Choose water and other clear liquids until you feel better. If you have kidney, heart, or liver disease and have to limit fluids, talk with your doctor before you increase the amount of fluids you drink.
• Wash your hands often to prevent spreading the infection to others.
• Be sure to contact your doctor if you have any problems during your recovery.

When should you call for help?

Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:

• You have a seizure.

Contact your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:

• You have a fever.
• You have a severe headache.
• You have a stiff neck.
• You are nauseated or are vomiting.
• You have trouble thinking or concentrating.
• You become confused or disoriented.

Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

• You notice new numbness or weakness.
• You do not get better as expected.