Tree Nut Allergy in Children: Care Instructions

Overview

When your child has a tree nut allergy and eats nuts, your child's body reacts as if these nuts are trying to cause harm. It fights back by setting off an allergic reaction. A mild reaction may include a few raised, red, itchy patches of skin (called hives). A severe reaction may cause hives all over, swelling in the throat, trouble breathing, belly pain, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, or fainting. This is called anaphylaxis (say "ANN-uh-fuh-LAK-suss"). It can be deadly.

A good way to prevent your child's allergic reaction is to avoid the foods that cause it. Tree nuts include almonds, pecans, cashews, walnuts, and other nuts.

Some of the foods that might contain tree nuts include salads, Asian dishes, baking mixes, and sauces. Flours made from tree nuts are often used in vegan and gluten-free dishes. An allergy doctor or a dietitian may be able to help you understand which foods will be okay and what to avoid. Learn what to do if your child has a reaction.

How can you care for your child at home?

During a mild reaction

• Give your child a nondrowsy antihistamine, such as loratadine (Claritin), as your doctor recommends. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.

During a severe reaction

• Give your child an epinephrine shot. Older children can give themselves the shot if they have learned how. Keep it with your child at all times. Make sure it has not expired.
• Call for emergency help. A severe allergic reaction can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency.

To prevent future reactions

• Avoid the foods that cause problems. And try not to use utensils or cookware that may have been in contact with food your child is allergic to.
• Teach your child's teachers and caregivers what to do if your child has a severe reaction to food that your child is allergic to.
• Have your child wear medical alert jewelry that lists all allergies. You can buy this at most drugstores.