Fetal Echocardiogram: About This Test

What is it?

A fetal echocardiogram is a test that lets your doctor watch your baby's heart in motion. The test is also called a fetal echo or Doppler echo.

It's a type of ultrasound test. Reflected sound waves (echoes) show the baby's heart beating and pumping blood. The test shows the parts of your baby's heart. It can also be used to measure the heart and look at the valves and blood vessels.

An echo is done with a device called a transducer on the outside of your belly. It does not hurt or cause harm to the baby.

Why is it done?

This test can show lots of different kinds of heart problems that can happen as your baby's heart forms. These are called congenital heart disease.

If your baby is at risk for this type of heart disease, you may get a fetal echocardiogram. Your baby's risk may be higher if:

• You have conditions that increase the risk of congenital heart disease. These include a history of diabetes before pregnancy, phenylketonuria, or certain autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
• You had certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella.
• You, another one of your children, or the baby's other parent has congenital heart disease.
• You took certain medicines that can affect a baby's heart.
• Your baby has a genetic condition, such as Down syndrome.

You may also get the test if another test, such as an ultrasound, showed that there might be a problem with the baby's heart.

This test is most often done during the second trimester of pregnancy.

How can you prepare for the test?

You don't need to do anything special to prepare for this test.

How is it done?

• You may not need to take off your clothes for this test. You can lift your shirt and push down the waistband of your skirt or pants. If you are wearing a dress, you will get a cloth or paper covering to use during the test.
• You will lie on your back on a padded table.
• A gel will be spread on your belly.
• A small, handheld device called a transducer will be pressed against the gel on your skin. It will be moved across your belly several times.
• You may watch the screen to see the picture of your baby during the test.

How long does it take?

The test usually takes between 30 minutes and 2 hours.

What happens after the test?

After the test, your doctor or midwife or the cardiologist reviewing the test will discuss the results with you. You can ask them to explain anything that you don't understand.

It can be stressful when your baby may have a heart problem. Know that your doctor or midwife is well prepared to help you understand the test results and know what to expect. They will do everything they can to help.

You may need other tests to confirm the results and to learn more about the problem.

Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to keep a list of the medicines you take. Ask your doctor when you can expect to have your test results.