TIG Injections for Tetanus: Care Instructions

Overview

Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria. These bacteria might enter your body through a wound, cut, splinter, or burn. They make a toxin, or poison, that causes severe muscle spasms. Tetanus can be deadly, but you can get the tetanus vaccine to prevent it.

Some people may need tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) for a wound that is at risk for tetanus. TIG is also used to treat tetanus. TIG is a protein that helps your body fight the tetanus toxin. TIG doesn't protect you from future tetanus infections. For that, you need to get the vaccine.

You can prevent tetanus by getting all of your recommended vaccines (shots). A TIG shot is usually needed only if you have not (or don't know if you have) finished the tetanus shot series.

You might also get a TIG shot and a booster (new dose) of the tetanus vaccine if you have a dirty cut or wound and 5 or more years have passed since your last tetanus shot.

If you have a reaction to a tetanus shot, you may have a fever. Your symptoms may also include warmth, swelling, and redness at the site where the shot was given.

Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and contact your doctor if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• Take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve), if your arm is sore after the shot. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label. Do not give aspirin to teens. It has been linked to Reye syndrome, a rare but serious illness.
• Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. Many pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful.
• Put ice or a cold pack on the area for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin.

When should you call for help?

Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:

• You have symptoms of a severe allergic reaction. These may include:
  • Sudden raised, often discolored areas (hives) all over your body.
  • Swelling of the throat, mouth, lips, or tongue.
  • Trouble breathing.
  • Passing out (losing consciousness). Or you may feel very lightheaded or suddenly feel weak, confused, or restless.
  • Severe belly pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

Contact your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:

• You have symptoms of tetanus, such as:
  • Stiffness in the jaw.
  • A stiff neck, back, or shoulders.
  • Painful muscle spasms.
• You have symptoms of infection, such as:
  • Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness.
  • Red streaks leading from the area.
  • Pus draining from the area.
  • A fever.
• You have symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as:
  • A rash or hives (raised, often discolored areas on the skin).
  • Itching.
  • Swelling.
  • Mild belly pain or nausea.

Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if you have any problems.