Gastroenteritis: Care Instructions

Overview

Gastroenteritis is an illness that may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It can be caused by bacteria or a virus.

You will probably begin to feel better in 1 to 2 days. In the meantime, get plenty of rest and make sure you do not become dehydrated. Dehydration occurs when your body loses too much fluid.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics.
• Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Choose water and other clear liquids until you feel better. If you have kidney, heart, or liver disease and have to limit fluids, talk with your doctor before you increase your fluid intake.
• Drink fluids slowly, in frequent, small amounts, because drinking too much too fast can cause vomiting.
• When you feel like eating, start with small amounts. Avoid spicy, hot, or high-fat foods, and do not drink alcohol or caffeine for a day or two. Do not drink milk or eat ice cream until you are feeling better.

How to prevent food poisoning

• Keep your hands and your kitchen clean. Wash cutting boards and countertops often with hot, soapy water. Consider using disinfectant sprays or wipes on your counters.
• Keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold.
• Do not eat meats, dressings, salads, or other foods that have been kept at room temperature for more than 2 hours.
• Use a thermometer to check your refrigerator. It should be between 34°F and 40°F.
• Defrost meats in the refrigerator or microwave, not on the kitchen counter.
• Cook meat until it is well done.
• Do not eat raw eggs or uncooked sauces made with raw eggs.
• Do not take chances. If food looks or tastes spoiled, throw it out.
• Be extra careful when you travel. In some places, you may not want to drink water from the tap (including ice cubes) or eat any raw foods.