Ascites: Care Instructions

Overview

Ascites (say "uh-SY-teez") is a buildup of extra fluid in the belly. It can cause your belly to swell. It can also make it hard for you to breathe.

Many diseases can cause ascites. But most people who get it have a liver problem. When the liver gets damaged, it can cause fluid to back up from the liver or from blood vessels. Then this fluid builds up in the belly.

Your doctor may take a sample of the fluid in your belly with a thin needle. The sample is then tested to help find out the cause of the ascites.

Treatment may include medicine. It may also include changing the way you eat so you don't eat a lot of salt. For severe ascites, the fluid may have to be removed with a needle.

How can you care for yourself at home?

• Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you have any problems with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes.
• Eat low-salt foods, and don't add salt to your food. If you eat a lot of salt, it's harder to get rid of the extra fluid. Salt is in many prepared foods. These include bacon, canned foods, snack foods, sauces, and soups. Look for products that are low-sodium or have reduced salt.
• Do not drink any alcohol until you are all better. Alcohol will damage the liver more. If your liver disease is caused by drinking alcohol, do not drink alcohol at all. Tell your doctor if you need help to quit. Counseling, support groups, and sometimes medicines can help you stay sober.
• Talk to your doctor before you take any other medicines. These include over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.
• Make sure your doctor knows all the medicines you take. Some medicines, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), can make liver problems worse.