Antigen Tests for Giardiasis

Overview

For a giardia antigen test, a stool sample or fluid from the upper part of the intestines (duodenal fluid) is tested in the lab for the presence of antigens from Giardia lamblia. This test is often done at the same time as a stool analysis.

Why It Is Done

An antigen test may be done if a person's medical history and symptoms suggest giardiasis. This test may be done to check if the person has been cured after treatment. An antigen test also may be used to screen people who are at high risk for having giardiasis.

Results

A test that detects Giardia antigens (positive result) means that the person has giardiasis. If the infected person does not have symptoms of infection, he or she may be a carrier or have a chronic infection.

These tests are specific for Giardia lamblia and do not test for other intestinal infections that cause similar symptoms. A person may get infected with other organisms that cause the same symptoms if he or she travels to countries where these organisms are found.

If the test does not detect antigens (negative result), it may need to be repeated to rule out giardiasis.