How is HIV transmitted?

HIV spreads from one person to another in the following ways:

• Having vaginal, anal, or oral sex. You have a higher chance of getting HIV if you don’t use a condom or if you already have another sexually transmitted infection (STI).
• Sharing needles or equipment for drug use.
• Getting blood into your mucus membranes (eyes, ears, nose, or throat) or bloodstream from a person who has HIV.
• An infected mother giving birth to or breastfeeding her child.

HIV is NOT transmitted by:

• Air or water
• Saliva, swear, tears, or closed-mouth kissing
• Insects or pets
• Sharing toilets, food, or drinks