Colon Polyps: Care Instructions

Overview

Colon polyps are growths in the colon (large intestine) or the rectum. The cause of most colon polyps isn't known, and most people who get them don't have any problems. But a certain kind can turn into cancer. For this reason, regular testing for colon polyps is important for people as they get older. It's also important for anyone who has an increased risk for colon cancer, such as having a family member with colon cancer.

Polyps are usually found through routine colon cancer screening tests, such as a colonoscopy. Although most colon polyps aren't cancerous, they are usually removed and then tested for cancer. Screening for colon cancer saves lives because the cancer can usually be cured if it's caught early.

If you have a polyp that is the type that can turn into cancer, you may need more tests to examine your entire colon. The doctor will remove any other polyps that are found, and you will be tested more often.

Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and contact your doctor if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

How can you care for yourself at home?

Regular tests to look for colon polyps are the best way to prevent polyps from turning into colon cancer. These can include stool tests, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and CT colonography. Talk with your doctor about a testing schedule that is right for you.

Healthy tips to reduce your risk

There is no home treatment that can prevent colon polyps. But these tips may help lower your risk for cancer.

• Stay active. Being active can help you get to and stay at a weight that's healthy for you. Try to exercise on most days of the week. For many people. walking is a good choice.
• Eat well. Choose a variety of vegetables, fruits, legumes (such as peas and beans), fish, poultry, and whole grains.
• Don’t smoke, vape, or use other tobacco or nicotine products. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor about stop-smoking programs and medicines. These can increase your chances of quitting for good.
• Limit alcohol. For some people, it's best to avoid alcohol completely.

When should you call for help?

Contact your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:

• You have severe belly pain.
• Your stools are maroon or very bloody.
• You have nausea or vomiting.

Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

• You have a fever.
• You have a change in bowel habits (new constipation or diarrhea).
• Your symptoms get worse or are not improving as expected.